Policies

Policies

1. Open Access & Copyright

Open Access Policy

Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) is an open-access journal, which means that all content is freely available to users and their institutions. Please click for more details (Open Access Policy).

Copyright Policy

The authors own the copyright of their work published in AIAPP, and their work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). The Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license allows the work to be shared, copied, and reproduced in any size and format except for commercial use. It also allows it to be rearranged, transformed, and adapted, including building upon the original work, with proper reference to it.

CC BY-NC 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

CC BY-NC 4.0 License

Please click for more details (Copyright Policy).

Archive Policy

Authors have the right to archive their published work on institutional or personal websites and in open access repositories. Please click for more details (Archive Policy).

Publication Fee Policy

Authors are not required to pay any fees at any stage of the publication process, including manuscript submission, peer review, editing, or final publication. The journal is fully open access, ensuring that authors can share their work widely without any cost restrictions.

2. Editorial Policies

Advertising Policy

Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) accepts digital advertisements on its website. All advertisements submitted for display will undergo a thorough review and approval process by the journal's Editorial Board and management team to ensure that they align with the journal’s ethical standards and objectives. Advertisements will be prominently labeled to distinguish them from editorial content. Advertisers will not have any influence over editorial decisions, the peer review process, or the journal’s advertising policies. The journal maintains full editorial independence, and advertising activities will be conducted with transparency and integrity to preserve the credibility and impartiality of the publication. Individuals or organizations interested in advertising in the journal should reach out to the Editorial Office for further information and guidelines.

Preprint Policy

Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) welcomes submissions that have been shared as preprints on non-commercial servers. Posting a preprint is not considered prior publication, allowing authors to present and discuss their findings publicly before submitting to the journal. During the initial submission, authors must provide the preprint server link and the corresponding DOI. Upon acceptance and publication, authors are responsible for updating the preprint with a link to the final published version. This ensures readers can easily access the latest, peer-reviewed version of the paper.

Peer-Review Process

Papers can be submitted to AIAPP by registering in the "Make a Submission". Papers sent by e-mail will not be taken into consideration. Only manuscripts that have been approved by all authors and have never been published in or sent to another journal are accepted for review. Please click for more details (Peer-Review Process).

Editorial and Blind Review Processes

Editors are obliged to comply with the policies of "Blind Review and Review Process" stated in the journal's publication policies. Therefore, the editors ensure that each manuscript is reviewed in an unbiased, fair and timely manner.

3. Publication Ethics

The publication process at Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences is the basis of the improvement and dissemination of information objectively and respectfully. Therefore, the procedures in this process improves the quality of the studies. Peer-reviewed studies are the ones that support and materialize the scientific method. At this point, it is of utmost importance that all parties included in the publication process (authors, readers and researchers, publisher, reviewers and editors) comply with the standards of ethical considerations.

Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) is committed to following the guidelines and core practices outlined by prominent organizations, including the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing (a joint statement by COPE, DOAJ, and OASPA). These standards are established to promote transparency, integrity, and excellence in scholarly publishing. By adhering to these principles, the journal strives to ensure that the research it publishes upholds the highest quality and ethical standards in the scientific community. Authors are encouraged to use the EASE Ethics Checklist for Authors to ensure their manuscripts comply with ethical standards and best practices.

Ethical Responsibilities of Authors

The authors who submit their manuscripts to Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences are expected to comply with the following ethical responsibilities:

  • Author(s) must submit original studies to the journal. If they utilize or use other studies, they must make the in-text and end-text references accurately and completely.
  • People who have not contributed to the study at the intellectual level should not be indicated as author.
  • If the manuscripts submitted to be published are subject of conflicting interests or relations, these must be explained.
  • During the review process of their manuscripts, author(s) may be asked to supply raw data. In such a case, author(s) should be ready to submit such data and information to the editorial and scientific boards.
  • Author(s) should document that they have the participants' consent and the necessary permissions related with the sharing and research/analysis of the data that are used.
  • Author(s) bear the responsibility to promptly notify the editor or publisher if they identify a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work and must cooperate fully with the editorial team to issue an appropriate erratum, corrigendum, or retraction as detailed in our Post-Publication Corrections Policy.
  • Authors cannot submit their studies to multiple journals simultaneously. Each submission can be made only after the previous one is completed. A study published in another journal cannot be submitted to Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences. Author responsibilities given in a study (e.g.: adding an author, reordering of author names) whose review process has begun cannot be changed.

Ethical Responsibilities of Editors

The editor and field editors of Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences should hold the ethical responsibilities that are based on the guides COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors and COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors published as open Access by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

General Duties and Responsibilities

Editors are responsible for each study published in Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences. In this respect, the editors have the following roles and responsibilities:

  • Making efforts to meet the demand for knowledge from readers and authors,
  • Ensuring the continuous development of the journal,
  • Managing the procedures aimed to improve the quality of the studies published in the journal,
  • Supporting freedom of expression,
  • Ensuring academic integrity,
  • Following the procedures without making concessions on intellectual property rights and ethical standards,
  • Being transparent and clear in issues that require correction or explanation.

Relationships with Readers

Editors must make decisions taking into consideration the knowledge, skills and expectations of all readers, researchers and practitioners need. They must also ensure that the published studies contribute to literature and be original. Moreover, they must take notice of the feedback received from researchers and practitioners and provide explanatory and informative feedback.

Relationships with Authors

Editors have the following duties and responsibilities in their relations with authors:

  • Editors must make positive or negative decisions about the studies' importance, originality, validity, clarity in wording and suitability with the journal's aims and objectives.
  • Editors must accept the studies that are within the scope of publication into pre review process unless there are serious problems with the study.
  • Editors must not ignore positive suggestions made by reviewers unless there are serious problems with the study.
  • New editors, unless there are serious issues, must not change the previous editor's decisions about the studies.
  • "Blind Review and Review Process" must be published and editors must prevent possible diversions in the defined processes.
  • Authors should be provided with explanatory and informative feedback.

Relationships with Reviewers

Editors have the following duties and responsibilities in their relations with reviewers: Editors must

  • Choose reviewers according to the subject of the study.
  • Provide the information and guidance reviewers may need during the review process.
  • Observe whether there are conflicting interests between reviewers and authors.
  • Keep the identities of reviewers confidential in blind review.
  • Encourage the reviewers to review the manuscript in an unbiased, scientific and objective tone.
  • Develop practices and policies that increase the performance of reviewers.
  • Take necessary steps to update the reviewer pool dynamically.
  • Prevent unkind and unscientific reviews.
  • Make effort to ensure the reviewer pool has a wide range.

Relationships with the Editorial Board

Editors must make sure that the members of the editorial board follow the procedures in accordance with the publication policies and guidelines, and must inform the members about the publication policies and developments. Moreover, editors must:

  • Ensure that the members of the editorial board review the manuscripts in an unbiased and independent manner.
  • Select the new members of the editorial board from those who can contribute to the journal and are qualified enough.
  • Send manuscripts for review based on the subject of expertise of the editorial board members.
  • Regularly communicate with the editorial board. Arrange regular meetings with the editorial board for the development of publication policies and the journal.

Relationships with the Journal's Owner and Publisher

The relationship between the editors and publisher is based on the principle of the independency of editors. All the decisions made by the editors are independent of the publisher and the owner of the journal as required by the agreement made between editors and publisher.

Change of Authorship

Any requests for changes to authorship, including the removal or addition of authors, or adjustments to the author order, must be submitted to the Editorial Office along with a letter explaining the reasons for the requested changes. The letter must be signed by all authors, including those who are being removed from the author list. The journal’s Editorial Board will process all authorship change requests in a fair, consistent, and transparent manner, in accordance with the relevant guidelines outlined by COPE. These procedures are designed to uphold the integrity of the research and maintain the reputation of all contributing authors.

Declaration of Interests

Authors are required to disclose any relationships or interests that could lead to undue influence or bias in their work. This disclosure should be made through the online submission system at the time of manuscript submission. Full transparency ensures the integrity and objectivity of the research process. Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) also requires and encourages individuals participating in the peer review process to disclose any existing or potential competing interests that could affect their impartiality.

The Editorial Board carefully reviews and resolves potential conflicts of interest involving editors, authors, or reviewers in accordance with COPE flowchart guidelines, ensuring ethical and unbiased decision-making throughout the publication process.

Financial Disclosure

Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) requires authors to disclose any financial support received for their research. This information must be included in a funding statement submitted alongside the manuscript. The funding statement should clearly list the names of funding organizations, grant numbers, and describe each funder’s role in the research. If a funder had no involvement in the research design, execution, or publication process, this should be explicitly stated. Providing this information ensures transparency and helps readers assess potential biases or conflicts of interest, strengthening the credibility of the research.

Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Editors are responsible for protecting the intellectual property rights of all the articles published in the journal and the rights of the journal and author(s) in cases where these rights are violated. Also, editors must take the necessary precautions in order to prevent the content of all published articles from violating the intellectual property rights of other publications.

Constructiveness and Openness to Discussion

Editors must:

  • Pay attention to the convincing criticism about studies published in the journal and must have a constructive attitude towards such criticism.
  • Grant the right of reply to the author(s) of the criticized study.
  • Not ignore or exclude the study that include negative results.

Political and Economic Apprehensions

Neither the owner of the journal, publisher or any other political or economical factor can influence the independent decision taking of the editors.

Conflicting Interests

Editors, acknowledging that there may be conflicting interests between reviewers and other editors, guarantee that the publication process of the manuscripts will be completed in an independent and unbiased manner.

Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers

The fact that all manuscripts are reviewed through "Blind Review" has a direct influence on the publication quality. This process ensures confidentiality by objective and independent review. The review process at Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences is carried out on the principle of double blind review. Reviewers do not contact the authors directly, and the reviews and comments are conveyed through the journal management system. In this process, the reviewer views on the evaluation forms and full texts are assigned to the author(s) by the editor. Therefore, the reviewers doing review work for Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences are supposed to bear the following ethical responsibilities:

Reviewers must:

  • Agree to review only in their subject of expertise.
  • Review in an unbiased and confidential manner.
  • Inform the editor of the journal if they encounter a conflict of interest and decline to review the manuscript during the review process.
  • Dispose of the manuscripts they have reviewed in accordance with the principle of confidentiality after the review process. Reviewers can use the final versions of the manuscripts they have reviewed only after publication.
  • Review the manuscript objectively and only in terms of its content, ensuring that nationality, gender, religious and political beliefs, and economic concerns do not influence the review.
  • Review the manuscript in a constructive and respectful tone, avoiding personal comments, hostility, slander, or insults.
  • Review the manuscript they have agreed to evaluate on time and in accordance with the ethical rules stated above.

Ethical Responsibilities of Publisher

The Editors and the Editorial Board of Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) are conscious of the fact that they must observe the ethical responsibilities below and act accordingly:

  • Editors are responsible for all the processes that the manuscripts submitted to Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences will go through. Within this framework, ignoring the economic or political interests, the decision-makers are the editors.
  • The publisher undertakes to have an independent editorial decision made.
  • The originality of the manuscript submitted is the responsibility of the publisher. Submission, plagiarism, and self-plagiarism must be avoided by writers. Manuscript submission in the CrossCheck server (http://www.ithenticate.com/) will be checked for plagiarism. iThenticate is a system that tests the originality of the submitted material and helps detect plagiarism. Authors can also use iThenticate to display their own credentials prior to submission.
  • The publisher protects the intellectual property rights of all the articles published in Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences and holds the responsibility to keep a record of each unpublished article.
  • The publisher bears all the responsibility to take the precautions against scientific abuse, fraud, and plagiarism.

4. Research Ethics

Research Ethics Involving Human and Animal Subjects

Given that Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) focuses on machine learning, deep learning, computer vision, natural language processing, and applied AI applications across various scientific fields (such as engineering, agriculture, environmental sciences, physics, and medicine), research ethics protocols vary based on the application domain of the manuscript.

1. Studies Exempt from Ethics Approval (Algorithm Design & Public Benchmark Datasets)

  • Manuscripts based purely on theoretical AI models, machine learning architecture development, algorithmic optimization, computational benchmark simulations, or secondary analysis of anonymized public open-access datasets are exempt from institutional ethics committee approvals.
  • Authors must explicitly state in the manuscript that the study is based solely on computational AI modeling or public secondary datasets and does not involve primary human intervention or animal experimentation.

2. Human Ethics & AI Applications in Health, Vision, or User Data

For applied AI research involving human clinical data, diagnostic medical imaging, facial recognition, biometric data, or human participant testing:

  • The research must strictly adhere to ethical standards, including the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant data privacy regulations (e.g., GDPR).
  • Authors must explicitly provide the Institutional Review Board (IRB) or local ethics committee approval details and reference number in the manuscript.
  • Informed consent must be obtained from all individual participants (or legal guardians) if primary data or identifiable images were collected.

3. Animal Ethics Policy (Applied AI in Veterinary & Agricultural Systems)

For applied AI research involving smart farming, animal tracking hardware, or experimental bio-engineering tests on animals:

  • Research must strictly comply with international animal welfare guidelines, such as the ARRIVE Guidelines and EU Directive 2010/63/EU.
  • Authors must explicitly state the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) or institutional ethics committee approval reference number in the paper.
  • If no live animals were used and the AI model was trained on secondary open datasets, authors must state: "Ethical approval was not required for this study as it relies solely on secondary analysis of anonymized public datasets or computational modeling."

Informed Consent Policy

For studies involving human subjects (such as medical AI diagnostic evaluations, user testing, or survey respondents), authors are required to declare that informed consent was obtained prior to inclusion in the research. Consent may be documented in written or electronic form depending on the methodology, adhering to applicable institutional standards.

Authors must confirm that participant privacy, image anonymization, and data confidentiality have been fully preserved throughout the AI training and evaluation stages.

5. Post-Publication Policies

Post-Publication Corrections, Expressions of Concern, Retractions, and Editorial Responsibilities

Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) is dedicated to maintaining the integrity, correctness, and completeness of the scholarly record. When errors, scientific misconduct, or ethical concerns are reported post-publication, the Journal, Editors, and Publisher follow standardized procedures aligned with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. Corrections (Erratum and Corrigendum)

  • Erratum (Publisher/Editorial Error): If a significant error is introduced by the editorial team or publisher during editing, layout, or production that impacts the scientific accuracy, mathematical formulas, or clarity of the article, a formal Erratum notice will be published.
  • Corrigendum (Author Error): If a significant error is reported by the authors that affects the interpretation or presentation of results without invalidating the fundamental scientific conclusions, a formal Corrigendum notice will be published.

All correction notices are published in the next available issue, assigned a unique DOI, and bidirectionally linked to the original article. The original article remains online with a clear statement indicating that a correction has been published.

2. Expression of Concern

If conclusive evidence regarding the reliability or integrity of a published article is not yet available, but there is credible evidence that raises serious concerns, the Editors may publish an Expression of Concern while an investigation is ongoing. The notice will remain linked to the original article until the investigation is concluded, after which it may be replaced by a Correction or Retraction, or removed if the concerns are not substantiated.

3. Article Retractions

In accordance with COPE Retraction Guidelines, the Editor-in-Chief and Editorial Board reserve the right to retract an article in cases of:

  • Unreliable findings resulting from clear scientific error, model falsification, or data fabrication.
  • Plagiarism, duplicate publication, or unauthorized use of third-party AI models/datasets.
  • Unethical research practices or undisclosed major financial/competing conflicts of interest.

Retraction Protocol: A formal "Notice of Retraction" will be published in the journal and bidirectionally linked to the original manuscript. The original PDF will be watermarked on every page as "RETRACTED", preserving the historical record while informing readers of its status.

4. Responsibilities of Editors and Publisher

The Editors and Publisher commit to acting swiftly and impartially when handling reported concerns, ensuring that post-publication corrections or retractions are issued solely based on scientific evidence and COPE guidelines, regardless of academic status or institutional affiliations.

  • Editorial Investigation: The Managing Editor and Editor-in-Chief are responsible for initiating an objective investigation upon receiving allegations of scientific misconduct or errors from readers, reviewers, or whistleblowers.
  • Publisher Commitment: ADBA Scientific guarantees full editorial independence, provides technical infrastructure to issue corrections and retractions promptly, and ensures long-term digital preservation of all published notices.
  • Institutional Communication: If necessary, the editorial board will contact the authors' affiliated institutions or ethics committees before finalizing a retraction or correction decision.

6. Publishing Integrity

Publishing Malpractice Policy

Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) is committed to preventing, identifying, and addressing all forms of publication malpractice in accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Core Practices and internationally accepted standards of scholarly publishing.

The Editors, Editorial Board, and Publisher are responsible for taking appropriate measures to prevent and investigate suspected cases of publication malpractice, including but not limited to plagiarism, duplicate publication, data fabrication or falsification, image manipulation, authorship disputes, peer review manipulation, citation manipulation, undeclared conflicts of interest, paper mill submissions, and unethical research practices.

All allegations of misconduct are assessed fairly, objectively, confidentially, and without discrimination. The Editor-in-Chief may request additional information from the authors, reviewers, institutions, or other relevant parties when necessary. Independent experts may also be consulted during the investigation.

Where misconduct is confirmed, the Journal may take appropriate editorial actions, including rejection of the manuscript, publication of a correction or corrigendum, issuance of an Expression of Concern, retraction of the published article, notification of the authors' affiliated institutions or funding agencies where appropriate, and any other measures necessary to protect the integrity of the scholarly record.

The Publisher supports the editorial process by ensuring that approved editorial decisions are implemented promptly and transparently, while preserving the permanent scholarly record through appropriate post-publication notices and long-term digital archiving.

Complaints and Appeals Policy

Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) is committed to handling all complaints and appeals fairly, transparently, confidentially, and in accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Core Practices and relevant COPE flowcharts. The Journal recognizes the right of authors, reviewers, and readers to raise concerns regarding editorial decisions, publication ethics, peer review, or the editorial process.

Complaints

Complaints may relate to, but are not limited to:

  • Editorial decisions or delays in the review process;
  • Alleged breaches of publication ethics;
  • Suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, data fabrication or falsification;
  • Conflicts of interest involving authors, reviewers, or editors;
  • Peer review misconduct or inappropriate reviewer behavior;
  • Authorship disputes;
  • Concerns regarding published articles or editorial policies.

All complaints should be submitted in writing to the Editorial Office, together with sufficient supporting evidence where available. Upon receipt, the Managing Editor or Editor-in-Chief will acknowledge the complaint and conduct an initial assessment. Where necessary, additional information may be requested from the complainant or other relevant parties.

All complaints are investigated objectively, confidentially, and without discrimination. The Journal may consult independent experts, members of the Editorial Board, or the authors' affiliated institutions whenever appropriate. Appropriate editorial actions will be taken based on the outcome of the investigation and in accordance with COPE recommendations.

Appeals

Authors have the right to appeal editorial decisions, including manuscript rejection, if they believe that the decision was based on a factual error, misunderstanding, or procedural irregularity.

Appeals must:

  • be submitted in writing within 30 days of the editorial decision;
  • clearly explain the reasons for the appeal;
  • provide scientific evidence or supporting documentation where appropriate.

Appeals will be reviewed independently by the Editor-in-Chief or, where appropriate, by another member of the Editorial Board who was not directly involved in the original decision. Additional independent reviewers may be invited if necessary.

The decision reached following the appeal will be considered final. Submission of an appeal does not guarantee reconsideration or acceptance of the manuscript.

Confidentiality

All complaints and appeals are handled confidentially. The identities of complainants, reviewers, editors, and authors will be protected throughout the investigation to the extent permitted by applicable laws, ethical standards, and the Journal's policies. Concerns regarding publication ethics, editorial conduct, or appeals should be submitted to the Editorial Office via the journal's official contact email.

Protection of Personal Information

Editors are supposed to protect the personal information related with the subjects or visuals in the studies being reviewed, and to reject the study if there is no documentation of the subjects' consent. Furthermore, editors are supposed to protect the personal information of the authors, reviewers and readers.

Ensuring Academic Integrity

Editors must make sure that articles in the journal are published in accordance with the publication policies of the journal and international standards.

Quality Assurance

Editors must make sure that the mistakes, inconsistencies or misdirections in studies are corrected quickly.

Reporting Ethical Concerns

Should you encounter any unethical act or content in Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) apart from the ethical responsibilities listed above, please notify the journal by e-mail at journals@adbascientific.com.

7. Artificial Intelligence Policy

Policies for the Utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

As the use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and AI-assisted technologies continues to grow rapidly, Artificial Intelligence in Applied Sciences (AIAPP) has updated its publication ethics policies as follows:

  • Content Creation and Research Design: Generative AI and AI-assisted tools (e.g., ChatGPT) are not considered appropriate for creating primary research content, designing experiments, or writing core algorithms autonomously. However, authors may use AI tools for language editing to enhance readability and improve manuscript quality.
  • Authorship and Accountability: AI tools cannot be listed as authors, co-authors, or cited as references. AI technologies do not meet the authorship criteria of AIAPP since they cannot take responsibility for research content.
  • Ethical Responsibility: AIAPP adheres to the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines, which state: “Authors are fully responsible for the content of their manuscript, even those parts produced by an AI tool, and are thus liable for any breach of publication ethics.”

For more detailed guidance on the responsible use of artificial intelligence in scholarly publishing, including disclosure requirements, editorial practices, and ethical considerations, please refer to our dedicated AI Policy.

8. Research Transparency

Data Sharing and Availability Policy

AIAPP encourages transparency, reproducibility, and good scientific practice by promoting the sharing of AI training datasets, model weights, evaluation metrics, and source codes whenever appropriate.

Authors are required to include a Data Availability Statement in their manuscripts, clearly indicating the availability of the data, code, and trained AI models supporting the results of the study.

  • If training datasets or custom AI algorithms were generated or analyzed during the research, authors should specify whether the source code, model hyper-parameters, and datasets are publicly available in a recognized repository (e.g., GitHub, Zenodo, Hugging Face, Kaggle) or can be obtained from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
  • If no new datasets were generated, authors must explicitly state that data sharing is not applicable to their study.
  • Any restrictions on code or data availability due to proprietary commercial models, patent applications, or sensitive privacy considerations must be clearly justified in the Data Availability Statement.

While public repository deposition is not strictly mandatory for all submissions, the journal strongly encourages authors to make their AI model implementations accessible whenever possible to enhance scientific reproducibility.

Editors and reviewers may assess the adequacy of the Data Availability Statement as part of the peer-review process.

Language and Copyediting Policy

Our journal is committed to publishing research that is clear, readable, and accessible to the international scientific community. To ensure high linguistic quality, all submitted manuscripts undergo a language and copyediting evaluation before publication.

Authors are expected to submit manuscripts written in clear, professional, and grammatically correct English. Submissions that do not meet minimum language standards may be returned to authors for revision before entering peer review.

Pre-Review Language Screening

Before peer review, each manuscript undergoes an initial editorial screening that includes an assessment of:

  • Grammar and spelling accuracy
  • Sentence clarity and readability
  • Academic writing style and tone
  • Consistency of artificial intelligence terminology, model names, and mathematical notation
  • Overall comprehensibility for an international audience

Manuscripts that require substantial language improvement may be returned to authors for revision prior to peer review.

Professional Copyediting After Acceptance

All accepted manuscripts are subject to professional copyediting to ensure consistency and quality across published articles. The copyediting process includes:

  • Grammar, punctuation, and syntax correction
  • Consistency in terminology and formatting
  • Reference formatting and citation style checks
  • Figure, network architecture diagram, and table caption clarity
  • Final readability improvement

This process is conducted by the journal’s editorial team using professional language editing tools and editorial quality control procedures.

Author Responsibility

Authors who are not native English speakers are strongly encouraged to have their manuscripts reviewed by a professional English editing service prior to submission. This helps ensure a smoother peer-review and publication process.

The use of language editing tools or professional editing services does not guarantee acceptance but improves clarity and communication of the research.

Final Quality Check Before Publication

Before publication, the editorial office performs a final language and formatting check to ensure that each article meets the journal’s publication standards and is suitable for global dissemination.

9. Disclaimer

The statements and opinions expressed in the manuscripts published in the journal are solely those of the author(s) and do not reflect the views of the editors, editorial board, or publisher. The editors, board, and publisher bear no responsibility for the content and do not necessarily endorse the perspectives presented. Authors are responsible for ensuring the accuracy, originality, and integrity of their work. The journal serves as a platform for authors to share their research with the scientific community, fostering scholarly exchange and discussion.